Description

You can check your solutions here: https://judge.softuni.bg/Contests/1479/Defining-Classes-Exercise
Problem 1. Define a Class Person
NOTE: You need a StartUp class with the namespace DefiningClasses.
Define a class Person with private fields for name and age and public properties Name and Age.
Bonus*
Try to create a few objects of type Person:
Name Age
Pesho 20
Gosho 18
Stamat 43
Use both the inline initialization and the default constructor.
Problem 2. Creating Constructors
NOTE: You need a StartUp class with the namespace DefiningClasses.
Add 3 constructors to the Person class from the last task. Use constructor chaining to reuse code:
• The first should take no arguments and produce a person with name “No name” and age = 1.
• The second should accept only an integer number for the age and produce a person with name “No name” and age equal to the passed parameter.
• The third one should accept a string for the name and an integer for the age and should produce a person with the given name and age.
Problem 3. Oldest Family Member
Use your Person class from the previous tasks. Create a class Family. The class should have a list of people, a method for adding members – void AddMember(Person member) and a method returning the oldest family member – Person GetOldestMember(). Write a program that reads the names and ages of N people and adds them to the family. Then print the name and age of the oldest member.

Examples
Input Output
3
Pesho 3
Gosho 4
Annie 5 Annie 5
5
Steve 10
Christopher 15
Annie 4
Ivan 35
Maria 34 Ivan 35

Problem 4. Opinion Poll
Using the Person class, write a program that reads from the console N lines of personal information and then prints all people, whose age is more than 30 years, sorted in alphabetical order.
Examples
Input Output
3
Pesho 12
Stamat 31
Ivan 48 Ivan – 48 Stamat – 31
5
Nikolai 33
Yordan 88
Tosho 22
Lyubo 44
Stanislav 11 Lyubo – 44
Nikolai – 33
Yordan – 88
Examples
Input Output
1992 05 31
Problem 6. Company Roster
Define a class Employee that holds the following information: name, salary, position, department, email and age. The name, salary, position and department are mandatory while the rest are optional.
Your task is to write a program, which takes N lines of employees from the console and calculates the department with the highest average salary and prints for each employee in that department his name, salary, email and age – sorted by salary in descending order. If an employee doesn’t have an email – print “n/a” instead, if he doesn’t have an age – print “-1” instead. The salary should be print formated two digits after the decimal seperator.
Examples
Input Output
4
Pesho 120.00 Dev Development pesho@abv.bg 28
Toncho 333.33 Manager Marketing 33
Ivan 840.20 ProjectLeader Development ivan@ivan.com
Gosho 0.20 Freeloader Nowhere 18 Highest Average Salary: Development
Ivan 840.20 ivan@ivan.com -1
Pesho 120.00 pesho@abv.bg 28
6
Stanimir 496.37 Temp Coding stancho@yahoo.com
Yovcho 610.13 Manager Sales
Toshko 609.99 Manager Sales toshko@abv.bg 44
Venci 0.02 Director BeerDrinking beer@beer.br 23 Andrei 700.00 Director Coding
Popeye 13.3333 Sailor SpinachGroup popeye@pop.ey Highest Average Salary: Sales
Yovcho 610.13 n/a -1
Toshko 609.99 toshko@abv.bg 44
Problem 7. Speed Racing
Write a program that keeps track of cars and their fuel and supports methods for moving the cars. Define a class Car. Each Car has:
• Model
• Fuel amount
• Fuel consumption per kilometer
• Travelled distance
A car’s model is unique – there will never be 2 cars with the same model. On the first line of the input, you will receive a number N – the number of cars you need to track. On each of the next N lines, you will receive information about a car in the following format:
“{model} {fuelAmount} {fuelConsumptionFor1km}”
All cars start at 0 kilometers traveled. After the N lines, until the command “End” is received, you will receive commands in the following format:
“Drive {carModel} {amountOfKm}”
Implement a method in the Car class to calculate whether or not a car can move that distance. If it can, the car’s fuel amount should be reduced by the amount of used fuel and its traveled distance should be increased by the number of the traveled kilometers. Otherwise, the car should not move (its fuel amount and the traveled distance should stay the same) and you should print on the console:
“Insufficient fuel for the drive”
After the “End” command is received, print each car and its current fuel amount and the traveled distance in the format:
“Model {fuelAmount} {distanceTraveled}”
Print the fuel amount formatted two digits after the decimal separator.
Examples
Input Output
2
AudiA4 23 0.3
BMW-M2 45 0.42
Drive BMW-M2 56 Drive AudiA4 5
Drive AudiA4 13
End AudiA4 17.60 18
BMW-M2 21.48 56
3
AudiA4 18 0.34
BMW-M2 33 0.41
Ferrari-488Spider 50 0.47
Drive Ferrari-488Spider 97
Drive Ferrari-488Spider 35
Drive AudiA4 85
Drive AudiA4 50
End Insufficient fuel for the drive
Insufficient fuel for the drive
AudiA4 1.00 50
BMW-M2 33.00 0
Ferrari-488Spider 4.41 97
Problem 8. Raw Data
Write a program that tracks cars and their cargo. Define a class Car that holds an information about model, engine, cargo and a collection of exactly 4 tires. The engine, cargo and tire should be separate classes. Create a constructor that receives all of the information about the Car and creates and initializes its inner components (engine, cargo and tires).
On the first line of input, you will receive a number N – the number of cars you have. On each of the next N lines, you will receive an information about each car in the format:
“{model} {engineSpeed} {enginePower} {cargoWeight} {cargoType} {tire1Pressure}
{tire1Age} {tire2Pressure} {tire2Age} {tire3Pressure} {tire3Age} {tire4Pressure} {tire4Age}”
The speed, power, weight and tire age are integers and tire preassure is a double.
After the N lines, you will receive a single line with one of the following commands:
• “fragile” – print all cars whose cargo is “fragile” with a tire, whose pressure is { 1
• “flamable” – print all of the cars, whose cargo is “flamable” and have engine power } 250
The cars should be printed in order of appearing in the input.
Examples
Input Output
2
ChevroletAstro 200 180 1000 fragile 1.3 1 1.5 2 1.4 2 1.7 4 Citroen2CV 190 165 1200 fragile 0.9 3 0.85 2 0.95 2 1.1 1 fragile Citroen2CV
4 ChevroletExpress
ChevroletExpress 215 255 1200 flamable 2.5 1 2.4 2 2.7 1 2.8 1
ChevroletAstro 210 230 1000 flamable 2 1 1.9 2 1.7 3 2.1 1
DaciaDokker 230 275 1400 flamable 2.2 1 2.3 1 2.4 1 2 1 Citroen2CV 190 165 1200 fragile 0.8 3 0.85 2 0.7 5 0.95 2 flamable DaciaDokker
Problem 9. Rectangle Intersection
Create a class Rectangle. It should consist of an id, width, height and the coordinates of its top left corner (horizontal and vertical). Create a method, which receives as a parameter another Rectangle, checks if the two rectangles intersect and returns “true” or “false”.
On the first line, you will receive the number of rectangles – N and the number of intersection checks – M. On the next N lines, you will get the rectangles with their id, width, height and coordinates. On the last M lines, you will get pairs of ids, which represent rectangles. Print if each of the pairs intersect.
You will always receive a valid data. There is no need to check if a rectangle exists.
Examples
Input Output
2 1
Pesho 2 2 0 0
Gosho 2 2 0 0 Pesho Gosho true
Problem 10. Car Salesman
Define two classes Car and Engine.
Car has the following properties:
• Model
• Engine
• Weight
• Color
Engine has the following properties:
• Model
• Power
• Displacement
• Efficiency
A Car’s weight and color and its Engine’s displacement and efficiency are optional.
On the first line, you will read a number N, which will specify how many lines of engines you will receive. On each of the next N lines, you will receive information about an Engine in the following format:
“{Model} {Power} {Displacement} {Efficiency}”
After the lines with engines, you will receive a number M. On each of the next M lines, an information about a Car will follow in the format:
“{Model} {Engine} {Weight} {Color}”
The engine will be the model of an existing Engine. When creating the object for a Car, you should keep a reference to the real engine in it, instead of just the engine’s model. Note that the optional properties might be missing from the formats.
Your task is to print all the cars in the order they were received and their information in the format defined bellow. If any of the optional fields is missing, print “n/a” in its place:
{CarModel}:
{EngineModel}:
Power: {EnginePower}
Displacement: {EngineDisplacement}
Efficiency: {EngineEfficiency}
Weight: {CarWeight}
Color: {CarColor}
Bonus*
Override the classes’ ToString() methods to have a reusable way of displaying the objects.
Examples
Input Output
2
V8-101 220 50
V4-33 140 28 B
3
FordFocus V4-33 1300 Silver
FordMustang V8-101
VolkswagenGolf V4-33 Orange FordFocus:
V4-33:
Power: 140
Displacement: 28
Efficiency: B
Weight: 1300 Color: Silver
FordMustang:
V8-101:
Power: 220
Displacement: 50
Efficiency: n/a
Weight: n/a
Color: n/a VolkswagenGolf:
V4-33:
Power: 140
Displacement: 28
Efficiency: B
Weight: n/a
Color: Orange
4
DSL-10 280 B
V7-55 200 35
DSL-13 305 55 A+
V7-54 190 30 D
4
FordMondeo DSL-13 Purple
VolkswagenPolo V7-54 1200 Yellow
VolkswagenPassat DSL-10 1375 Blue
FordFusion DSL-13 FordMondeo:
DSL-13:
Power: 305
Displacement: 55
Efficiency: A+
Weight: n/a
Color: Purple VolkswagenPolo:
V7-54:
Power: 190
Displacement: 30
Efficiency: D
Weight: 1200 Color: Yellow VolkswagenPassat:
DSL-10:
Power: 280
Displacement: n/a
Efficiency: B
Weight: 1375 Color: Blue
FordFusion:
DSL-13:
Power: 305
Displacement: 55
Efficiency: A+
Weight: n/a
Color: n/a
Problem 11. Pokemon Trainer
Define a class Trainer and a class Pokemon.
Trainers have:
• Name
• Number of badges
• A collection of pokemon
Pokemon have:
• Name
• Element
• Health
All values are mandatory. Every Trainer starts with 0 badges.
You will be receiving lines until you receive the command “Tournament”. Each line will carry information about a pokemon and the trainer who caught it in the format:
“{trainerName} {pokemonName} {pokemonElement} {pokemonHealth}”
TrainerName is the name of the Trainer who caught the pokemon. Trainers’ names are unique. After receiving the command “Tournament”, you will start receiving commands until the “End” command is received. They can contain one of the following:
• “Fire”
• “Water”
• “Electricity”
For every command you must check if a trainer has at least 1 pokemon with the given element. If he does, he receives 1 badge. Otherwise, all of his pokemon lose 10 health. If a pokemon falls to 0 or less health, he dies and must be deleted from the trainer’s collection. In the end, you should print all of the trainers, sorted by the amount of badges they have in descending order (if two trainers have the same amount of badges, they should be sorted by order of appearance in the input) in the format:
“{TrainerName} {Badges} {NumberOfPokemon}”
Examples
Input Output
Pesho Charizard Fire 100
Gosho Squirtle Water 38
Pesho Pikachu Electricity 10
Tournament
Fire
Electricity
End Pesho 2 2
Gosho 0 1
Stamat Blastoise Water 18
Nasko Pikachu Electricity 22
Jicata Kadabra Psychic 90
Tournament
Fire
Electricity
Fire
End Nasko 1 1
Stamat 0 0
Jicata 0 1
Problem 12. Google
Design a class that can hold all of the information they need for people. You will be receiving lines until the “End” command is given. On each of those lines, there will be = information about a person in one of the following formats:
• “{Name} company {companyName} {department} {salary}”
• “{Name} pokemon {pokemonName} {pokemonType}”
• “{Name} parents {parentName} {parentBirthday}”
• “{Name} children {childName} {childBirthday}”
• “{Name} car {carModel} {carSpeed}”
You should structure all of the information about a person in a class with nested subclasses. People’s names are unique – there won’t be 2 people with the same name. A person can also have only one company and one car, but can have multiple parents, children and pokemons. After the command “End” is received, on the next line you will receive a single name. You should print all the information about that person. Note that information can change during the input – for instance if we receive multiple lines, which specify a person’s company, only the last one should be the one remembered. The salary must be formatted to two digits after the decimal seperator.
Examples
Input Output
PeshoPeshev company PeshInc Management 1000.00
TonchoTonchev car Trabant 30
PeshoPeshev pokemon Pikachu Electricity
TonchoTonchev pokemon Electrode Electricity
End
TonchoTonchev TonchoTonchev Company:
Car:
Trabant 30
Pokemon:
Electrode Electricity Parents:
Children:
JelioJelev pokemon Onyx Rock
GoshoGoshev pokemon Moltres Fire
JelioJelev company JeleInc Jelior 777.77
StamatStamatov pokemon Blastoise Water
JelioJelev car AudiA4 180
JelioJelev pokemon Charizard Fire
End
JelioJelev JeleInc Jelior 777.77 Car:
AudiA4 180
Pokemon:
Onyx Rock
Charizard Fire
Parents:
Children:

Bonus*
Override the ToString() method in the classes to standardize the displaying of objects.
Problem 13. Family Tree
Create a program that keeps information about a family tree. On the first line of input you will receive either a name or a birthdate in the format:
• “{FirstName} {LastName}”
• “day/month/year”
Your task is to find the person’s information in the family tree. On the next lines until the command “End” is received, you will receive information about your predecessors that you will use to build the family tree.
The information will be in one of the following formats:
• “FirstName LastName – FirstName LastName”
• “FirstName LastName – day/month/year”
• “day/month/year – FirstName LastName”
• “day/month/year – day/month/year”
• “FirstName LastName day/month/year”
After the command “End” is received, you should print all the information about the person, whose name or birthdate you’ve received on the first line – his name, birthday, parents and children (check the examples for the format). The people in the parents’ and childrens’ lists should be ordered by their first appearance in the input (regardless if they appeared as a birthdate or a name, for example in the first input Stamat is before Penka because he has appeared first on the second line, while she appears on the third one).
Examples
Input Output
Pesho Peshev

Pesho Peshev – Gancho Peshev
Gancho Peshev 1/ 1/2005
Toncho Tonchev – Lomcho Tonchev
Parents:
Children:

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