Description

LAB OBJECTIVES
1. Familiarization with the breadboard
2. Use of switches as inputs and light emitting diodes (LEDs) as outputs
3. Using resistors for LED current limiting
4. Connecting resistors in series and parallel
5. Using a DVM to measure voltages and resistors
6. Learning resistor color code comparing to resistor values
7. Learning to create schematics

LAB PROCEDURE

Lab 0 Part 2 Choose 3 or 4 resistors and measure their resistance compare to the resistor color code. Connect resistors in series and parallel, measure the total resistance and voltages across each resistor with a Digital Multimeter, DMM, compare to calculations, use each of the 4 combinations show below.

Reference Information:
Video on Series and parallel resistors (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9O8Di5gugiA )
Video on resistors and reading the color code
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrZZMhWZiFk&feature=fvwrel )
Video on how to use a Digital Multimeter
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bF3OyQ3HwfU&feature=related ) How to Wire Circuits from Schematics http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJUX9cvyYjU

Lab 0 Part 3 Connect a current limiting resistor and LED to light the LED. Video on bread boarding and lighting LEDs, (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9jcHB9tWko&feature=relmfu )

Lab 0 Part 4 Use the Analog Discovery kit and connect it according to the instructions in the following videos:
Analog Discovery Quickstart #1: Getting Started http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYgFKIsrOYQ

Analog Discovery Quickstart #2: Voltage Tool

Analog Discovery Quickstart #3: Voltmeter Tool

Lab 0 Part 5 Use Multisim to create “breadboard” schematic of 7400 NAND Gate IC. 7400 Data sheet

Use Multisim for the schematic drawings for this lab.

Multisim tutorials:
What is NI Multisim?

Logic Gates Testing using Multisim

Multisim Logic Simulation

This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
Appendix B: Resistors and capacitors
Resistors
Resistors are electronic components that obey Ohm’s law: Voltage across a resistor is equal to the current through the resistor times the resistance of the device.
V = I * R
COLOR VALUE MNEMONIC
Black 0 Better
Brown 1 Be
Red 2 Right
Orange 3 Or
Yellow 4 Your
Green 5 Great
Blue 6 Big
Violet 7 Venture
Gray 8 Goes
White 9 West
Table 36: Color Codes
Resistance is measured in ohms ( ) . Current and voltage are related by the resistance of the object, if voltage is kept constant and resistance rises, current will fall. Likewise if resistance decreases, more current will flow, meaning the measure of the current will rise. While many devices have resistance, including the wire used in these labs, the only resistance that we will be concerned with in this manual is the resistance attributed to actual resistors. Manufactured resistors come in various forms, however those used here will be standard ¼ watt resistors that follow the conventional color code that describes their value.
Exhibit B.1: Sample Resistor
Each resistor has four colored stripes as shown in the figure above. Each stripe corresponds to a number as shown in Table 36. The formula for the value of each resistor is listed below. Generic Formula: A B x 10C
Which for this case yields: 2 0 x 103 or 20,000 Ω.
The first two stripes indicate the numerical value of the resistance, the third the exponent of ten which will be multiplied by the numbers from the first two stripes, and the fourth a tolerance of the resistor. The diagram above illustrates how the first three stripes are used to calculate the value of the resistor as well as the diagram below. The mnemonic is often suggested as a means of remembering the color
Style Guidelines 65 A Global Text Appendix B: Resistors and capacitors
code. The tolerances will not be utilized in this lab manual. Another example is provided in Exhibit B.2. Applying the formula to obtain the value for this resistor is left as an exercise for the reader.

Exhibit B.2: 100,000 Ohm Resistor
Capacitors
In direct current circuits, capacitors can be thought of as charge storage devices. Electrolytic capacitors will be used in these labs. Electrolytic capacitors appear to look like a tiny aluminum can with two wires. Be cautious when connecting the electrolytic capacitors as they have a polarity. Insure that the negative terminal of the capacitor is connected properly or the capacitor can malfunction and in some cases explode! The unit of measurement for capacitors is the Farad. Capacitors with higher Farad measurements can store more charge
at a given voltage. Exhibit B.3: Capacitors
66

General Information
— Bread Boards
— LED’s
— IC’s
Digital Multimeter